Baştan belirteyim Shopenhauer'in yaşamıyla ilgili alıntılar Cartwright'ın Schopenhauer biyografisinden.
"eğer bütün kadın cinsinin en seçkinlerinin güzel sanatlarda hiçbir zaman gerçekten büyük, hakiki, özgün ve sahici olan hiçbir şey başaramadıkları ya da hangi türden olursa olsun dünyaya kalıcı değere sahip hiçbir eser veremedikleri akılda tutulursa, kadınlardan farklı hiçbir şey beklenmemesi gerektiği kendiliğinden anlaşılır."
Bu görüşü çoğunlukla Schopenhauer'in yazar olan, 30 yaşına kadar birlikte yaşadığı, onu anlamayan ve cenazesine bile gitmediği annesiyle olan ilişkilerinden kaynaklanıyor. Çok uzatmadan şu karikatür ile özetleyebiliriz:
existentialcomics.comBir de o dönemde avrupada kadınlara ve erkeklere verilen eğitim tamamen farklı. Bu konuya ilişkin bilgileri hemen hemen aynı yıllarda yaşamış olan Jane Austen hakkında bir yazıdan(University of Southampton) aldım.
Erkeklerin eğitimi hakkında: "A male educational curriculum would have included training in the classics, mathematics, philosophy and the sciences. Boys were usually educated at home by parents or a governess to begin with. Many then went on to schools, either small country schools run by clergymen—Jane Austen’s own father ran such a school—training schools—two of Jane Austen’s brothers entered the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth, aged 12—or larger public schools like Eton or Westminster. Depending on social class, young men were either apprenticed or went to university—the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge were the most prestigious, but there were a number of universities for dissenters (those who did not conform to Church of England doctrine, and who were banned from attending Oxford and Cambridge)."
Kadınların eğitimi hakkında:"Female education would have included the following:
Reading (although novels were a potential source of danger—see Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey for the ill effects of reading too much Gothic literature)
Dancing
Languages—primarily French, but also Italian
Handwriting
Some history and geography
Basic arithmetic
Music—piano, harp, and singing were favourites
Drawing and painting
Needlework
Many of these ‘accomplishments’ allowed young women to demonstrate desirable feminine qualities: grace, deportment, elegance, fine taste, sensibility. Values such as religious piety and chastity, modesty rather than vanity, moderation rather than excess, obedient submission, and innocence were also instilled in young women. Some practical skills were encouraged; women, particularly of the middle classes, needed to have a grasp of domestic management, but without being unattractively intelligent. Indeed, clever women were often the targets of satire. Conduct-book writer John Gregory urged his daughter to conceal their learning from potential suitors because men were generally threatened by women ‘of great parts’ – e.g. with brains."
Kadınlara "Beynini kullanabildiğini anlamasınlar!!!" denilen bir dönemden bahsediyoruz yani.
Schopenhauer'in kadınların bilgisizliği konusundaki görüşleri yıllar içinde değişmiş:"The effects of his popularity, however, may have moved him to alter his view of women. The old misogynist became enchanted by the twenty-six-year-old Elisabeth Ney, who came to Frankfurt to carve Schopenhauer’s bust. The vivacious and intelligent sculptress impressed the philosopher by her artistic talents, and despite the fact that she was a buxom blonde and not a brunette, he was delighted when the grandniece of Marshal Michel Ney (who was executed at Waterloo) sent the old man a photograph of her standing by the bust as it was on display in Hannover, where she went to sculpt King Georg V. Schopenhauer’s close association with Ney, along with the number of women who were keen to discuss his philosophy, may have led the philosopher to waver in his belief that women lacked the intellect and objectivity to meaningfully engage in science or philosophy."
"dahası ben o kanaatteyim ki bir hukuk mahkemesinde bir kadının tanıklığı (diğer şeylerin eşit olması halinde) bir erkeğin tanıklığından daha az muteber olmalıdır, dolayısıyla sözgelimi iki erkek tanık üç, hatta dört kadın tanıkla aynı ağırlığa sahip olmalıdır. çünkü bir bütün olarak alındığında kadın cinsi bir günde erkek cinsinden üç kat daha fazla yalan uydurur ve ayrıca erkek cinsinin takatinin ötesinde olan bir inandırıcılık ve dürüstlük gösterisiyle uydurur."
Bu ise bir kadına fiziksel şiddet uyguladıktan sonra kadının onu dava etmesi ve 5-6 yıl süren davalar sonucunda araya dönemin adalet bakanını sokmaya çalışmasına rağmen kadına 20 yıl boyunca yüklü miktarda tazminat ödemek zorunda kalmasıyla ilgili.
"Marquet painted a darker and more violent image of the philosopher’s conduct. She claimed that he tore the bonnet from her head, seized her by the neck with such force that she was lifted from the ground, called her vile names, beat her with his fists, kicked her, and tossed her out of the room.
The ferocity of the attack, she charged, caused her to faint. The next day she filed assault and slander charges against her unneighborly neighbor with the Hausvogteigericht at Berlin.
Marquet also brought a civil suit against Schopenhauer with the Instruktionssenat of the Kammergericht. She now claimed that she had become paralyzed on her right side due to the assault, and that she could not move her right arm without great difficulty, a situation that made it impossible for her to continue her trade. She also claimed that Schopenhauer pushed her against a commode, which caused injury to her genitals.
Ultimately she prevailed, winning 60 Taler per year in maintenance, and her assailant was assessed five-sixths of the court costs. The judgment was finalized on 4 May 1827, after the philosopher made a futile attempt to have the Minister of Justice, Count Alexander von Danekelmann, intercede on his behalf. Schopenhauer was compelled to provide maintenance until Marquet was able to resume her trade or until she died."
Trp'nin teorilerinin mantıklı kısımları da var ama çoğunlukla yazarlarının kendilerinin bile terk ettiği ya da çağımızda artık geçerliliğini yitirmiş bazı quotelara dayanıyorlar. Bunlardan teoriler üretiyorlar. Kendilerince deneyler yapıyorlar. Bunun yanında trp'nin reddit sayfasında önerilen kaynakları ve "baş etme" yöntemlerini inceleyerek mizojinist olup olmadıklarına karar verebilirsiniz.
Ek: O zamanın bilgiden yoksun kalmış kadınına ilişkin yazılarla şimdinin seçilen olmaktan çıkıp seçen olan, bilgiye erişimi kısıtlanmayan kadınını çözümlemek de ayrı güzel:)
eksisozluk.com